Can a think tank tackle telecoms innovation deficit?

The Telecom Ecosystem Group (TEG) will publish shortly its final paper that concludes two years of industry discussion on ways to spur innovation in telecommunications.

The paper, entitled Addressing the Telecom Innovation Deficit, says telcos have lost much of their influence in shaping the technologies on which they depend.

Source: Telecom Ecosystem Group

“They have become ageing monocultures; disruptive innovators have left the industry and innovation is outsourced,” says the report.

The TEG has held three colloquiums and numerous discussion groups soliciting views from experienced individuals across the industry during the two years.

The latest paper names eight authors but many more contributed to the document and its recommendations.

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The various paths to co-packaged optics

Near package optics has emerged as companies have encountered the complexities of co-packaged optics. It should not be viewed as an alternative to co-packaged optics but rather a pragmatic approach for its implementation.

Co-packaged optics will be one of several hot topics at the upcoming OFC show in March.

Placing optics next to silicon is seen as the only way to meet the future input-output (I/O) requirements of ICs such as Ethernet switches and high-end processors.

Brad Booth

For now, pluggable optics do the job of routing traffic between Ethernet switch chips in the data centre. The pluggable modules sit on the switch platform’s front panel at the edge of the printed circuit board (PCB) hosting the switch chip.

But with switch silicon capacity doubling every two years, engineers are being challenged to get data into and out of the chip while ensuring power consumption does not rise.

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Infinera’s ICE6 crosses the 100-gigabaud threshold

Coherent discourse 3

• The ICE6 Turbo can send two 800-gigabit wavelengths over network spans of 1,100-1,200km using a 100.4 gigabaud (GBd) symbol rate.
• The enhanced reach can reduce the optical transport equipment needed in a network by 25 to 30 per cent.

Infinera has enhanced the optical performance of its ICE6 coherent engine, increasing by up to 30 per cent the reach of its highest-capacity wavelength transmissions.

Ron JohnsonThe ICE6 Turbo coherent optical engine can send 800-gigabit optical wavelengths over 1,100-1,200km compared to the ICE6’s reach of 700-800km.

ICE6 Turbo uses the same coherent digital signal processor (DSP) and optics as the ICE6 but operates at a higher symbol rate of 100.4GBd.

“This is the first time 800 gigabits can hit long-haul distances,” says Ron Johnson, general manager of Infinera’s optical systems & network solutions group.

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Building the data rate out of smaller baud rates

In the second article addressing the challenges of increasing the symbol rate of coherent optical transport systems, Professor Andrew Lord, BT’s head of optical network research, argues that the time is fast approaching to consider alternative approaches.

Coherent discourse 2

Coherent optical transport systems have advanced considerably in the last decade to cope with the relentless growth of internet traffic.

Professor Andrew Lord

One-hundred-gigabit wavelengths, long the networking standard, have been replaced by 400-gigabit ones while state-of-the-art networks now use 800 gigabits.

Increasing the data carried by a single wavelength requires advancing the coherent digital signal processor (DSP), electronics and optics.

It also requires faster symbol rates.

Moving from 32 to 64 to 96 gigabaud (GBd) has increased the capacity of coherent transceivers from 100 to 800 gigabits.

Last year, Acacia, now part of Cisco, announced the first 1-terabit-plus wavelength coherent modem that uses a 128GBd symbol rate.

Other vendors will also be detailing their terabit coherent designs, perhaps as soon as the OFC show, to be held in San Diego in March.

The industry consensus is that 240GBd systems will be possible towards the end of this decade although all admit that achieving this target is a huge challenge.

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Huawei sets transmission record with new modulator

Coherent discourse: Part 1

A paper from Huawei and Sun Yat-Sen University in the January issue of the Optica journal describes a thin-film lithium niobate modulator. The modulator enabled a world-record coherent optical transmission, sending nearly 2 terabits of data over a single wavelength.

Maxim Kuschnerov

Much of the industry’s focus in recent years has been to fit coherent optical technology within a pluggable module.

Such pluggables allow 400-gigabit coherent interfaces to be added to IP routers and switches, serving the needs of the data centre operators and telecom operators.

But research labs of the leading optical transport vendors continue to advance high-end coherent systems beyond 800-gigabit-per-wavelength transmissions.

Optical transport systems from Ciena, Infinera and Huawei can send 800-gigabit wavelengths using a symbol rate of 96-100 gigabaud (GBd).

Acacia Communications, part of Cisco, detailed late last year the first 1.2-terabit single-wavelength coherent pluggable transceiver that will operate at 140GBd, twice the symbol rate of 400-gigabit modules such as 400ZR. 

Now Huawei has demonstrated in the lab a thin-film lithium niobate modulator that supports a symbol rate of 220GBd and beyond.

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Nvidia's plans for the data processor unit

When Nvidia’s CEO, Jensen Huang, discussed its latest 400-gigabit BlueField-3 data processing unit (DPU) at the company’s 2021 GTC event, he also detailed its successor.

Companies rarely discuss chip specifications two generations ahead; the BlueField-3 only begins sampling next quarter.

BlueField-3 die. Source: Nvidia

The BlueField-4 will advance Nvidia’s DPU family. It will double again the traffic throughput to 800 gigabits-per-second (Gbps) and almost quadruple the BlueField-3’s integer processing performance.

But one metric cited stood out. The BlueField-4 will increase by nearly 1000x the number of terabit operators-per-second (TOPS) performed: 1,000 TOPS compared to the BlueField-3’s 1.5 TOPS.

Huang said artificial intelligence (AI) technologies will be added to the BlueField-4, implying that the massively parallel hardware used for Nvidia’s graphics processor units (GPUs) are to be grafted onto its next-but-one DPU.

Why add AI acceleration? And will it change the DPU, a relatively new processor class?

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Books read in 2021: Final Part

In the final favoured reads during 2021, the contributors are Daryl Inniss of OFS, Vladimir Kozlov of LightCounting Market Research, and Gazettabyte’s editor.

Daryl Inniss, Director, Business Development at OFS

Four thousand weeks is the average human lifetime.

The book by Oliver Burkeman: Four Thousand Weeks: Time Management For Mortals is a guide to using the finite duration of our lives.

Burkeman argues that by ignoring the reality of our limited lifetime, we fill our lives with busyness and distractions and fail to achieve the very fullness that we seek.

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