Intel sets a course for scalable optical input-output

• Intel is working with several universities to create building-block circuits to address its optical input-output (I/O) needs for the next decade-plus.

• By 2024 the company wants to demonstrate the technologies achieving 4 terabits-per-second (Tbps) over a fibre at 0.25 picojoules-per-bit (pJ/b).

Intel has teamed up with seven universities to address the optical I/0 needs for several generations of upcoming products.

The initiative, dubbed the Intel Research Center for Integrated Photonics for Data Centre Interconnects, began six months ago and is a three-year project.

No new location is involved, rather the research centre is virtual with Intel funding the research. By setting up the centre, Intel’s goal is to foster collaboration between the research groups.

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PCI-SIG releases the next PCI Express bus specification

The Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) 6.0 specification doubles the data rate to deliver 64 giga-transfers-per-second (GT/s) per lane.

For a 16-lane configuration, the resulting bidirectional data transfer capacity is 256 gigabytes-per-second (GBps).

Al Yanes

“We’ve doubled the I/O bandwidth in two and a half years, and the average pace is now under three years,” says Al Yanes, President of the Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group (PCI-SIG).

The significance of the specification’s release is that PCI-SIG members can now plan their products.

Users of FPGA-based accelerators, for example, will know that in 12-18 months there will be motherboards running at such rates, says Yanes.

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Books read in 2021: Part 4

In Part IV, two more industry figures pick their reads.

Michael Hochberg, a silicon photonics expert and currently at a start-up in stealth mode, discusses classical Greek history, while Professor Laura Lechuga, a biosensor luminary highlights Michael Lewis's excellent book about the pandemic, among others. 

Leonidas, King of Sparta 

Michael Hochberg, President of a stealth-mode start-up

One of the primary ways that I mis-spent my youth was by crawling through my father's library of social science and history books.  This activity generally occurred when I was supposed to be asleep, resting up for a full day of stark and abject boredom in school. This resulted in some perverse outcomes, like my tendency to fall asleep in class at an unusually young age.

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Compute vendors set to drive optical I/O innovation

Part 2: Data centre and high-performance computing trends

Professor Vladimir Stojanovic has an engaging mix of roles.

When he is not a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of California, Berkeley, he is the chief architect at optical interconnect start-up, Ayar Labs.

Professor Vladimir Stojanovic

Until recently Stojanovic spent four days each week at Ayar Labs. But last year, more of his week was spent at Berkeley.

Stojanovic is a co-author of a 2015 Nature paper that detailed a monolithic electronic-photonics technology. The paper described a technological first: how a RISC-V processor communicated with the outside world using optical rather than electronic interfaces. 

It is this technology that led to the founding of Ayar Labs.

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Books read in 2021: Part 3

In Part III, two more industry figures pick their reads of the year: Dana Cooperson of Blue Heliotrope Research and ADVA's Gareth Spence. 

Dana Cooperson, Founder and Principal Analyst at Blue Heliotrope Research

My reading traverses different ground from that of other invited analysts to this yearly section. In addition, my ‘avoid new releases’ approach means my picks are not from 2021. And before jumping straight into recommendations, I’ll preface my comments with an homage to communal aspects of reading that have meant so much to me, especially during these two Covid years.

My two book groups managed to meet steadily during the pandemic, sometimes while sitting outside in the snow, covered with blankets and sipping hot tea.

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Data centre disaggregation with Gen-Z and CXL

Part 1: CXL and Gen-Z

• The Gen-Z and Compute Express Link (CXL) protocols have been shown working in unison to implement a disaggregated processor and memory system at the recent Supercomputing 21 show.

• The Gen-Z Consortium’s assets are being subsumed within the CXL Consortium. CXL will become the sole industry standard moving forward.

• Microsoft and Meta are two data centre operators backing CXL.

Pity Hiren Patel, tasked with explaining the Gen-Z and CXL networking demonstration operating across several booths at the Supercomputing 21 (SC21) show held in St. Louis, Missouri in November.

Hiren Patel

Not only was Patel wearing a sanitary mask while describing the demo but he had to battle to be heard above cooling fans so loud, you could still be at St. Louis Lambert International Airport.

Gen-Z and CXL are key protocols supporting memory and server disaggregation in the data centre.

The SC21 demo showed Gen-Z and CXL linking compute nodes to remote ‘media boxes’ filled with memory in a distributed multi-node network (see diagram, bottom).

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Books read in 2021: Part 2

In Part II, two more industry figures pick their reads of the year: Sara Gabba of II-VI and Ciena’s Joe Marsella.

Sara Gabba, Strategic Marketing, II-VI

I’ve always read a lot. I cannot fall asleep without the sweet or the exciting company of a good book!

In the last year, I’ve spent many evenings reading fairy tales to my young daughter and, on top of the traditional ones from Andersen or the Grimm brothers, I’ve surprisingly discovered that she really likes the Greek myths (in an adaptation for children), which are the archetypes of most of the ‘modern’ tales. Love, mystery, jealousy, fear, talent, heroism: all the instincts and passions of humankind are there and able to capture every reader.

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